Application of Titanium Composite Tube Sheets in Heat Exchanger Manufacturing

Due to the high extraction cost of titanium, its price is relatively expensive. Despite its light weight and high strength, the cost of titanium significantly impacts the overall manufacturing cost. Therefore, reducing the amount of titanium used in product design is a crucial consideration. In heat exchangers, embedded tube sheets are essential components. The existing titanium heat exchangers, which combine the tube sheet and flange, have the following shortcomings:

1. Titanium Material Requirements: Titanium cannot be welded with other materials, necessitating both the flange and the tube sheet to be made of titanium, significantly increasing titanium usage.

2. Impact of Titanium Thickness: The thickness of titanium affects the design pressure. As design pressure increases, the thickness of both the flange and the tube sheet must also increase.

To address these issues, researchers have developed a titanium heat exchanger with an embedded tube design that adapts to different design pressures and allows the use of a lined ring loose flange structure.

Structure of the Three-Layer Composite Tube Sheet Titanium Heat Exchanger

The heat exchanger comprises:

• Tube sheet
• Spacing tubes
• Tie rods
• Nuts
• Anti-loosening lugs
• Support plates
• U-shaped heat exchange tubes

The U-shaped heat exchange tubes are multiple and overlap, passing through the tube sheet. The tubes are fixed to the support plate via anti-loosening lugs. Multiple anti-loosening lugs are spaced equally, with spacing tubes between them. One end of the tie rod is connected to the tube sheet, and the other end passes through the spacing tubes and anti-loosening lugs, secured by nuts. The tube sheet is made of three-layer composite materials.

• The anti-loosening lugs are five in number.
• The anti-loosening lugs are fixedly connected to the support plate.
• A buffer sleeve is placed between the U-shaped heat exchange tubes and the tube sheet.
• The buffer sleeve is made of steel.
• The U-shaped heat exchange tubes are welded to the tube sheet after passing through it.
• The layers of the tube sheet are made of TA9+Q345R+TA9.

Advantages of the New Design

• Welding and Cost Reduction: The U-shaped heat exchange tubes are welded to the titanium layer of the tube sheet, while the buffer sleeve between the tubes and the tube sheet is welded to the middle layer of the tube sheet. This design allows for thinner tube sheet thickness under the same strength, reducing costs. Additionally, the tubes can be welded with pipes of other materials.

• Simple and Compact Structure: The new titanium heat exchanger is simple in structure, compact, and convenient to use.

By integrating these design improvements, the new titanium heat exchanger offers enhanced adaptability to various design pressures, reduced material usage, and improved compatibility with other materials, thus optimizing manufacturing costs and efficiency.

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